Vocabulary

Most of the words in Baanzish are from Germanic English, in a whimsical mixture of Northern & Southern pronunciations. It has some pre-vowel-shift vowels and most “al” words (eg. “all”, hall”, “falcon”) are still “al”: (al, hal, falk).

There is much Norse: eg. “wiktij” (“important”) is from Norwegian and “vjel” (“machine”) is Icelandic. There is even some mangled Hebrew (eg. “shav“, “sab” & “shosh” for “week”, “army” & “root”). At least one word, tiek (“fine”) is Hindustani.

I have also included a page of Baanzish texts, to which I will add as time goes by.

BASIC VOCABULARIES

I have used two: Ogden’s Basic English word list and the US Information Agency’s “Special English“.

Neither is really adequate. Ogden demonstrates the origin of Basic English in the rarified atmosphere of Oxford University senior common rooms and the Civil Service. Special English is clearly made for telling of the grand events of the day as Americans expect to hear them. Each word list thus lacks huge swathes of basic wordly experience. Ogden does not even include the fundamental words “Honour”, “Duty” and “Loyalty”.

Ideally I would like to see a basic vocabulary produced by a ploughman, but I doubt that I will.

OGDEN’S BASIC VOCABULARY

This is the word list Ogden produced for his “Basic English”, with which words he thought all things could be expressed at a basic level in English.

Ogden divided his list into:

  • Operations,
  • Things- general words,
  • Things – picturable words,
  • Qualities – general,
  • Qualities – opposites

Word List – in Ogden’s order

OPERATIONS

come – kumget – getgive – giego – gan
keep – heldlet – letmake – meikput – put
seem – siemtake – teikbe – aado – due
have – havsay – spieksee – siesend – send
may – mejwill – wil/ shalabout – um/ abroodacross – akros
after – aftagainst – genstamong – myngat – at
before – befoobetween – twienby – baidown – anedh
from – fromin – inoff – ofon – on
over – ouverthrough – thrueto – tuunder – under
up – ypwith – medas – lik / azfor – fey
of – (ov)till – tuwhenthan – dhana – ei
the – dhaall – alany – enijevery – aliec
no – neiother – ydhersome – sumsuch – dhau
that – dhatthis – hatI – miehe – hoo
you – thie/juewho – whueand – andbecause – hai
but – bytor – ooif – ifthough – dhou
while – inwhenhow – whauwhen – whenwhere – whee
why – whaiagain – rijever – altaimsfar – dhaa
forward – fooweishere – heenear – hiernow – hen
out – autstill – stilthen – dhenthere – dhee
together – agadhwell – welalmost – hierlijenough – nyf
even – selfslittle – lilmuch – mucnot – nij
only – einlijquite – kwaitso – dhauvery – muc / riet
tomorrow – aftdejyesterday – afoodejnorth – noothsouth – sauth
east – iestwest – westplease – kaindlijyes – jei

THINGS – General words

account – telingact – duedaddition – adingadjust – riset in
advertisement – droomaakagreement – medweydair – eeamount – mucnes
amusement – krakanimal – biestanswer – bakweydapparatus – vjelset
approval – jeiweydargument – widhspiekingart – aatattack – tufait
attempt – trajattention – mindsmaakattraction – iedrooauthority – wield
back – haindbalance – ievenhevbase – futsteebehaviour – autbeering
belief – kredbirth – beythbit – bitbite – bit
block – blokblow – blowbody – licbrass – stanicuprium
bread – bredbreath – briedhbrother – broobuilding – haus / bilded
burn – beynburst – beystbusiness – weykicgbutter – buta
canvas – kanvascare – keecause – waichalk – calk
chance – caanschange – ceincgcloth – klothcoal – caastan
colour – kleycomfort – kymfcommittee – worentbandcompany – medband
comparison – likeningcompetition – widhtrajingcondition – standlauconnection – beind
control – stiercook – kukcopper – cupriumcopy – likein
cork – kookcotton – triewulcough – kofcountry – land
cover – dekcrack – foobreikcredit – lountelcrime – loobrec
crush – kryshcry – shrijcurrent – floucurve – coin
damage – maadanger – riskdaughter – daitday – dej
death – dethdebt – owingdecision – cuez maakdegree – step
design – bilting- autdesire – lystdestruction – alweistingdetail – kytet
development – growing-foothdigestion – belijing-indirection – pointingdiscovery – fainding-aut
discussion – spieking abrooddisease – siknesdisgust – ilteistdistance – dhaanes
distribution – puting abrooddivision – paateningdoubt – twejdrink – drink
driving – draivingdust – dustearth – eythedge – ecg
education – tukeningeffect – autkumend – enderror – misteik
event – hapingexample – baishowingexchange – swicexistence – aaring
expansion – baageningexperience – witxhapingexpert – skilsmanfact – trut
fall – falfamily – kinfather – dadfear – fier
feeling – fielingfiction – falsteilfield – fieldfight – fait
fire – fairflame – fairs tyngflight – flajflower – bluem
fold – foldfood – ietforce – foosform – sheip
friend – frendfront – foofruit – fruetglass – glaas
gold – goldgovernment – stieringgrain – greingrass – gaas
grip – raundholdgroup – bandgrowth – grouthguide – wied
harbour – shiphamharmony – medsinging.hate – heithearing – hiering
heat – hothelp – helphistory – footaimkeenhole – hol
hope – houphour – tiemhumour – krakiaangice – ais
idea – mindslogimpulse – shyvincrease – baagorningindustry – weykicg
ink – inkinsect – byginstrument – tuelinsurance – seifening bond
interest – mindxholdinvention – befaindiron – fejiumjelly – cgel
join – beindjourney – feeringjudge – cgycgjump – liep
kick – kikkiss – kisknowledge – keningland – land
language – spiekishlaugh – haahalaw – loolead – plumbium
learning – tukeningleather – ledhaletter – brieflevel – leir
lift – drooring uplight – lietlimit – ecglainlinen – linkloth
liquid – rynijlist – listloss – nenlove – lyv / lief / eros
machine – vjelman – moomanager – stierliedermark – maak
market – weengadhmass – masmeal – iettaimmeasure – miet
meat – fleshmeeting – mietmemory – mindxheldmetal – metium
middle – midmilk – milkmind – mindmine – diging
minute – minmist – fogetmoney – gieldmonth – munth
morning – foomiddejmother – mammotion – shiftingmountain – fel
move – shiftmusic – mjuezikname – neimnation – fouk
need – mastnews – taidingennight – naitnoise – noiz
note – maaknumber – teltobservation – siejing tuoffer – bid
oil – oiloperation – weykingopinion – siejingorder – ood / bied
organization – weyksetingornament – showijowner – silferpage – shiet
pain – heytpaint – kleyrinkpaper – peipapart – paat
paste – mashpayment – jieldingpeace – frith / shalomperson – man
place – steeplant – plaantplay – showpleipleasure – upfieling
point – stedpoison – vetuepolish – shieniertporter – beerer
position – stedpowder – dustpower – wieldprice – jieldkost
print – printprocess – dueweiproduce – bringd-foothprofit – friejield
property – silfdicgprose – pleinspiekprotest – kaling genstpull – droo
punishment – pienpurpose – waisendpush – shyvquality – lau
question – whutrain – reinrange – riecrate – kwiknes thrue
ray – reireaction – bakduwingreading – bieringreason – wai
record – holdmaakregret – soo fielingrelation – kinhudreligion – ruwakines
representative – feystanderrequest – whutingrespect – welsiktrest – stilaang
reward – eyningrhythm – slogrice – raisriver – flou
road – raidroll – rolroom – ruemrub – ryb
rule – ruelrun – rynsalt – saltsand – sand
scale – mietlainscience – keensea – sijseat – sit
secretary – aftbiekraisselection – cuezbandself – selfsense – wit
servant – seyversex – seksshade – sheidshake – sheik
shame – sheim.shock – shokside – saidsign – maak
silk – silksilver – agiumsister – saissize – baagnes
sky – skaisleep – sliepslip – slipslope – stiepnes
smash – smashsmell – pongsmile – smailsmoke – smouk
sneeze – cuesnow – snousoap – soupsociety – sithijicg
son – sonsong – singdsort – kindsound – noiz
soup – brothspace – ruem / jonthstage – step boodstart – tugan
statement – teilstandingsteam – boilfogsteel – stiel(fejium)step – step
stitch – sticstone – stanstop – holtstory – teil
stretch – strecstructure – set-upsubstance – stufsugar – suka
suggestion – puted thinksummer – symersupport – holding-upsurprise – underkac
swim – swimsystem – dieloodtalk – spiektaste – teist
tax – steitteikteaching – gewitingtendency – oftstieringtest – trajing
theory – thijorthing – thingthought – thinkdthunder – thunoo
time – taimtin – staniumtop – uposttouch – tyc
trade – medeltransport – beering-abroodtrick – skilpleitrouble – wou
turn – rauttwist – twistunit – einituse – bruk
value – weythverse – baadweydbitvessel – inbeerertview – siejing aut
voice – spiecwalk – wookwar – woowash – wosh
waste – weistwater – weterwave – weivwax – waks
way – weiweather – wedheyweek – shavweight – hev
wind – windwine – wainwinter – winterwoman – mais
wood – wudwool – wulword – weydwork – weyk
wound – wuendwriting – biekingyear – jier

THINGS – Picturable words

angle – nukmietant – antapple – apelarch – bou
arm – aamarmy – sabbaby – beythlingbag – sak
ball – bolbank – bankbasin – woshboulbasket – widhijbin
bath – baathbed – bedbee – biebell – ring
berry – berijbird – beydblade – bleidboard – bood
boat – boutbone – bounbook – bukboot – shuwag
bottle – flaskbox – boksboy – ladbrain – maind
brake – slowenertbranch – brancbrick – bindbridge – bricg
brush – bryshbucket – wetbinbulb – bylbbutton – pip
cake – keikcamera – biltteikertcard – kaadcart – kaat
carriage – beerertcat – katchain – ceincheese – ciez
chest – cestchin – cinchurch – ceyccircle – raundgon
clock – taimsiktcloud – klaudcoat – koutcollar – nekecg
comb – coumcord – baindcow – oksaiscup – kup
curtain – dekklothcushion – kushendog – haunddoor – doo
drain – rynaweidrawer – droobooddress – dresdrop – lefal / gefal
ear – ieregg – egengine – draivvjeleye – ie
face – siktfarm – faamheart – haathook – huk
feather – winglingfinger – finggerfish – fishflag – staafkloth
floor – futboodfly – flajfoot – futfork – fook
fowl – ietbyrdframe – freimgarden – gaathgirl – lais
glove – handweedgoat – goutgun – gynhair – hee
hammer – smaiterthand – handhat – hathead – hed
horn – hoonhorse – feedhospital – sikhaushouse – haus
island – ijjewel – cgemstankettle – boilertkey – kie
knee – nieknife – kytertknot – notleaf – bleid
leg – leglibrary – bukhalline – lainlip – lip
lock – lokmap – landkaadmatch – macmonkey – eipet
moon – muenmouth – mauthmuscle – maitlicnail – neil
neck – nekneedle – droopinnerve – neyvnet – net
nose – nouznut – nytoffice – weykruemorange – orincg
oven – kukboksparcel – inrapdpen – biekertpencil – biekertet
picture – biltpig – pigpin – pinpipe – piepert
plane – leir/flajertplate – flatdishplough – plaupocket – pok
pot – potpotato – potatouprison – lokhauspump – pymp
rail – reilrat – ratreceipt – hadhring – ring
rod – staafroof – hausdekroot – shoshsail – seil
school – skuelscissors – shierscrew – skrueseed – seet
sheep – shiepshelf – leiboodship – shipshirt – sheyt
shoe – shueskin – skinskirt – skeytsnake – sneik
sock – sokspade – digertsponge – spyncgspoon – spuen
spring – liepkoilsquare – skweestamp – biekdmaakstar – staa
station – holtstedstem – stemstick – staafetstocking – longsok
stomach – belijstore – shopstreet – stratsun – sun
table – setboodtail – teilthread – thredthroat – throut
thumb – thymticket – kaadettoe – toutongue – tyng
tooth – tuethtown – stadtrain – feelain / droolaintray – boodet
three – thrietrousers – bricumbrella – reinsheidwall – wal
watch – taimsiktetwheel – wielwhip – wipwhistle – piep
window – windouwing – wingwire – metthredworm – weym

QUALITIES – General

able – kunacid – asidijangry – angerijautomatic – selfdueing
beautiful – pritijblack – swaat/ blakboiling – boilingbright – briet
broken – breikdbrown – brauncheap – nedh kostijchemical – styfkeenij
chief – hedijclean – klienclear – kliercommon – komen / oftsied
complex – notijconscious – weikcut – kuteddeep – diep
dependent – from-hangingearly – frouelastic – strecijelectric – elektij
equal – aleirfat – fatfertile – fruetfulfirst – einth
fixed – set fastflat – flatfree – friefrequent – oft
full – fulgeneral – almeingood – gudgreat – greit
grey – greihanging – hanginghappy – gladhard – haad
healthy – heilhigh – uphollow – holijimportant – wiktij
kind – kaindlike – likliving – laivlong – lang
male – moorijmarried – jiftmaterial – styfijmedical – hielerij
military – sabijnatural – skaapdijnecessary – mastijnew – njue
normal – noomijopen – oupparallel – bailailainijpast – footaimij
physical – bindijpolitical – gildaatijpoor – poopossible – duekun
present – henij / heerijprivate – hambaundijprobable – hedhaplykijquick – kwik
quiet – hyshready – redijread – bierdregular – tenholding
responsible – intrysted / intrystkunright – riet / stijndround – raundsame – az
second – twaathseparate – apaatendserious – haadwiktijsharp – shaap
smooth – smuedhsticky – bondijstiff – stifstraight – streit
strong – strongsudden – aryshsweet – swiettall – uphed
thick – broodtight – nierfasttired – wierijtrue – true
violent – mait-kastingwaiting – weitingwarm – hotetwet – wet
wide – broodwise – wizyellow – jelouyoung – jyng

QUALITIES – Opposites

awake – weikbad – badbent – bentbitter – saur
blue – bluecertain – kredfastcold – koldcomplete – alij
cruel – saadijdark – daakdead – dedhdear – lief
delicate – wiek-setdifferent – ydherijdirty – deytijdry – wetnan
false – falsfeeble – wiekfemale – maisijfoolish – fuelij
future – afttaimijgreen – grienill – ilheillast – endth
late – sentleft – lievd / laandloose – unfastloud – up-noizij
low – nedhmixed – miksdnarrow – nierold – old
opposite – widhsteerijpublic – oupfoukrough – ryfsad – niglad
safe – seifsecret – haidijshort – shotshut – shyt
simple – enlikslow – slousmall – litsoft – soft
solid – bindijspecial – selfsweisstrange – odthin – thin
white – whitwrong – rong

SPECIAL ENGLISH

Special English was developed by the United States Information Agency for world-wide news broadcasts on the Voice of America. The intent was that using only this limited vocabulary of about 1400 words, broadcasters can talk about current events and everyday activities.

I find the list more practical than Ogden’s since it contains ideas more likely to be used in the real word rather than Ogden’s rarified university atmosphere. On the other hand it is a vocabulary designed to talk of largely impersonal things.

A

a – eiable – kunabout – umabove – ouver
accept – teik-ypaccident – misxhapaccuse – kal shildijacross – akros
act – show-pleiactivist – duedijistactor – showplejeradd – ad
administration – wieldstieringadmit – let inadvise – riedaffect – gestey
afraid – afierafter – aftagain – rijagainst – genst
age – oldnesagency – midmanicgago – befooaggression – foothstriv
agree – medweydagriculture – faamingaid – helpaim – uerwai
air – eeaircraft carrier – eefeert-beering shipair force – eesabairplane – wingfeert
airport – eefeertxhamalive – alaifall – alally – outhfrend
almost – hierlijalone – ajeinalong – alongalready – jet
also – aldhaualthough – dhoualways – altenambassador – halsended
amend – ydhrienammunition – gynlaadicgamong – myngamount – mucnes
anarchy – unrikancient – oldagand – andanger – roth
animal – biestanniversary – jiersdeiannounce – spiek autanother – eiydher
answer – bakweydany – enijapologize – spiek soorouappeal – kal yp
appear – show-autappoint – set tuapprove – jejenarea – graundmiet
argue – widhspiekarms – faitthingicgarmy – sabaround – araund
arrest – tuholdarrive – tukumart – aatartillery – gynagicg
as – azash – ashask – whutassist – help
astronaut – jonthfeererasylum – seifholdat – atatom – atom
atmosphere – eekoutattack – tufait / atstrivattempt – tryattend – aa dhee
automobile – selfshiftertautumn – falerawake – weikaward – aring
away – awei

B

back – haindbad – badbalance – liksetxhevball – bol
balloon – bolonballot – cuezshietetban – widhbietbank (shore) – bank
bank (money) – welthholdxhausbar – baabase – futstedbattle – woofait
be – aabeach – sandecgbeat – slogbeauty – prit
because – haibecome – aadhbed – bedbeg – beg
begin – tuaadhbehind – hindbelieve – kredbell – tring
belong – flisbelow – underbest – gudostbetray – feyrat
better – gudorbetween – twienbig – baagbill (legisl.) – fooloo
bird – beydbite – bitbitter – saurblack – swaat / blak
blame – bleimblanket – blankbleed – blyd autblind – sietnan
block – bindblood – blydblow – blowblue – blue
boat – boutbody – licboil – boilbomb – blastert
bone – bounbook – bukborder – ecglainborn – beyd
borrow – loun inboth – altwaabottle – flaskbottom – neidh
box – boksboy – ladbrain – maindbrave – bold
bread – bredbreak – breikbreathe – briedhbridge – bricg
brief – shotbright – brietbring – bringbroadcast – broodkast
brother – broobrown – braunbuild – bildbullet – bolet
burn – beynburst – beystbury – eyth underbus – albeerert
business – bizinesbusy – bisijbut – bytbuy – cap
by – bai

C

cabinet – hierruemcall – kalcall (on) – besiekcalm – shalomij
camera – biltteikertcampaign – strivingcan – kancan (container) – metium pot
cancel – liev ypcancer – krabsiknescandidate – stedsiekercannon – gynag
capital – hedstadcapture – teikcar – kaatcare – kee
careful – keefulcarry – beecase (court) – hapcat – mjau
catch – kaccattle – oksicgcause – waiceasefire – faitxholt
celebrate – meik cgoifulcell – ruemetcenter – midstedcentury – jierhynd
ceremony – pompchairman – sitmanchampion – faitsxhedchance – lyk
change – ceincgcharge – laadchase – hindcheat – ciet
check – cekcheer – cierchemicals – styfkeenijenchild – been
choose – cuezchurch – ceyccircle – raundoncitizen – steitfliser
city – stadagcivilian – sithnesmancivil rights – sithnesij rietenclash – widhkuming
clean – clienclear – clierclergy – ruwakofismenclimb – gan yp
clock – taimsiktclose – shytcloth – klothclothes – weeklothicg
cloud – klaudcoal – caastancoalition – agadhwieldcoast – landecg
coffee – kofijcold – koldcollect – gadhcolony – seteldland
color – kleycome – kumcomedy – fynijshoucommand – biet
comment – amaakcommittee – worentbandcommon – comencommunicate – twienspiek
company – sithbandcompete – widhtraicomplete – alijcompromise – midsetling
computer – rekenervjelconcern – mindskeecondemn – genstspiekcondition – standing lau / lau fiting
conference – twienspiekgadhconfirm – fastspiecconflict – widhmietcongratulate – medgladen
congress – medgadhconnect – beindconservative – heldistconsider – think araund
constitution – set-yp loocontain – hold incontinent – landbindagcontinue – gan oon
control – wield ouverconvention – bringing agadhcook – kukcool – koldet
co-operate – weyk agadhcopy – kopijcorrect – rietcost – kost
cotton – triewulcount – telcountry – landcourt – koot
cover – dekcow – oksaiscoward – laashlingcrash – krash
credit – lountelcreate – skaapcreature – skaapdcrew – band
crime – krimcriminal – krimijcrisis – cuezdeicriticize – cgycg
crops – growing ietcross – kroscrowd – mengcruel – saadij
crush – kryshcry – wiep / shrieculture – taabotcure – hieling wei
current – henweis / ryncustom – foukwountcustom (duty) – tolcut – kyt
dam – flouholdwaldamage – haamdance – dansdanger – risk
dark – daakdate – deitdaughter – daitday – dei
dead – dedhdeaf – hieringnandeal – dieldebate – gildspiek
decide – maak cuezdeclare – kal autdeep – diepdefeat – slog
defend – fromstrivdeficit – neningdegree – nesdelay – hold ahind
delegate – feywieldendemand – bietkaldemocracy – foukwielddemonstrate – show aut
denounce – kal nedhdeny – neidepend – hang fromdeplore – bemoun
deploy – set foothdescribe – bilt autdesert – nanlanddesign – bilt aut
desire – lystdestroy – unskaapdetails – teletendevelop – grou aut
device – vjeletdictator – medweyd wielderdie – daidifferent – ydhrij
difficult – haaddig – digdinner – deisietdiplomat – halsspiec
direct – pointdirection – pointingdirty – deytijdisappear – unshou
disarm – unfaitthingdiscover – faind autdiscuss – twienspiekdisease – siknes
dismiss – send aweidispute – widhstandingdissident – haindrauterdistant – dhaa
distance – dhaanesdive – liep anedhdivide – paatendo – due
doctor – hielerdocument – peipadollar – dolardoor – doo
down – anedhdraft – foodrooddream – driemdrink – drink
drive – draivdrown – adrincdrugs – drugendry – drai
during – inwhendust – dustduty – out

E

each – iecearly – frouearn – eynearth – eyth
earthquake – eythsheikease – iezeast – iesteasy – iezij
eat – ieteconomy – hauswelthedge – ecgeducate – bewit
effect – autkumeffort – autmaitegg – egeither – aidher
elect – cuezelectricity – elektelectron – elektonelement – uerstyf
embassy – halsendinghausemergency – masttenemotion – fielingemploy – inweyk
empty – nanend – endenemy – fouenergy – weykkraft
enforce – gie foos tuengine – draivvjelengineer – tekenjoy – cgoi in
enough – nyfenter – gan inenvironment – araundweyldequal – aleir
equipment – tuelicgescape – get frieespecially – selfweisilijestablish – set yp
even – selfsevent – hapingever – eitaimevery – aliec
evidence – witnesevil – evilexact – amaakexamine – test ouver
example – baishouexcellent – jondwelexcept – nidexchange – kros-ceincg
excite – stey ypexcuse – selfmeysexecute – due aut / gehapexile – draiv abrood
exist – autaaexpand – grow autexpect – beweitexpel – draiv aut
experiment – wittestexpert – umkenerexplain – teil autexplode – blast
explore – sec thrueexport – sel autexpress – spiek autextend – strec aut
extra – jondmucextreme – dhaarecgij

F

face – siktfact – trutfactory – meikhausfail – feil
fair – leirtiekfall – falfamily – kinfamous – muckend
fanatic – eilqhinderfar – dhaafarm – faamfast – kwik
fat – fatfather – dadfear – fierfeast – greitiet
federal – bandicgijfeed – gerietfeel – fielfemale – maisij
fertile – fruetfulfew – lilfield – fieldfierce – grim
fight – faitfill – fulenfilm – filmfinal – endth
find – faindfine – tiekfinish – endfire – fair
fire (gun) – shuetfirm – stedfastfirst – einthfish – fish
fix – fixflag – staafklothflat – flatflee – ryn awei
float – floutflood – flydfloor – futboodflow – flow
flower – bluemfluid – flowijfly – flaifog – fog
follow – haindfood – ietfool – fuelfoot – fut
for – feyforce – foosforeign – autlandishforget – unmind
forgive – feygieform – sheipformer – fooraadforward – fooweis
free – friefreeze – aisenfresh – freshfriend – frend
frighten – set afierfrom – fromfront – foofruit – fruet
fuel – draivstyffuneral – lejing tu stilfurious – rothfulagfuture – afttaim

G

gain – get (mor)game – pleigas – lyftgather – gadh
general – almeingeneral (milit.) – almeingentle – softxhandget – get
jift – giedgirl – laisgive – gieglass – glaas
go – gan / feegoal – uerwaiGod – Godgold – gold
good – gudgoods – trykengood-bye – feewelgovern – stier
government – stieringgrain – koonbitgrandfather – greitdadgrandmother – greitmam
grass – gaasgray – greigreat – greitgreen – grien
grind – graindground – graundgroup – bandgrow – grow
guarantee – worantingguerilla – wooretmanguide – wiedguilty – shildij
gun – gyn

H

hair – heericghalf – twaaththalt – holthang – hang
happen – haphappy – gladharbor – shiphamhard – haad
harm – heythat – hathate – heithe – hoo
head – hedheadquarters – hed futstedhealth – heilthhear – hier
heart – haatheat – hotheavy – hevijhelicopter – ypdrooskruert
help – helphere – heehero – viroohide – haid
high – uphijack – shanghaihill – hilhistory – footaim
hit – sloghold – holdhole – holholiday – friedejicg
holy – hailijhome – hamhonest – truethfasthonor – aloo / alof
hope – houphorrible – dredkunhorse – feedhospital – sikhaus
hostage – plecglichostile – genststrivijhostilities – genststrivihudhot – hot
hotel – alkumhaushour – tiemhouse – haushow – whau
however – dhoudhauhuge – baagaghuman – manishhumor – fyn
hunger – hynggahunt – hynthurry – ryshhurt – heyt
husband – jiftoo

I

I – mieice – aisidea – mindslogif – if
illegal – autloorijimagine – bilt amindimmediate – ateintenimport – bring in
important – wiktijimprove – gudorenin – inincident – haping
incite – steyinclude – tel inincrease – baagorenindependent – nihanging
industry – weykryninflation – kostgrouthinfluence – gestierinform – teil
injure – haam in licinnocent – shildnaninsane – madinsect – byg
inspect – siek ouverinstead – in stedinstrument – tuelinsult – il weyd
intelligent – britmindintense – alinstedijinterest – rietdroo / minddroointerfere – medel
international – twienlandijintervene – step ininvade – tubesetinvent – einth faind
invest – inlaadinvestigate – siek thrueinvite – gestinvolve – bring in
iron – fejiumisland – ijissue – flou foothit – it

J

jail – pienhausjewel – cgemstanjob – weykitjoin – beind
joint – beindjoke – fynteiljudge – cgycgjump – liep
jungle – reinwudagjury – outhbandjust – baa

K

keep – heldkick – kikkidnap – shanghaikill – dee
kind – kaindkiss – kisknife – kytertknow – ken

L

labor – weykicglaboratory – keenweyk ruemlack – nenlake – look
land – landlanguage – spiekishlarge – baaglast – endth
late – sentlaugh – haahalaunch – set offlaw – loo
lead – liedleak – lieklearn – tukenleave – gan aut
left – laandlegal – loorijlend – loun autless – les
let – letletter – brieflevel – aleirliberal – friejist
lie – lai / lyglife – laiflight – lietlightning – lietening
like – lik / laiklimit – baundlainline – lainlink – beind
liquid – rynijlist – listlisten – hierklittle – lit
live – livload – laadlocal – hierhamlonely – einish
long – longlook – sielose – luezloud – noizful
love – lyv / lief / eroslow – nedhloyal – trouluck – lyk

M

machine – vjelmad – madmail – postmain – upst
major – greitmajority – mostteltmake – meikmale – moorij
man – moomap – landkaatmarch – setwookmark – maak
marker – maakertmass – masmaterial – styfmay – mei / mait
mayor – bjooghedmean – mienmeasure – mietmeat – flesh
medicine – hielerstyfmeet – mietmelt – meltmember – fliser
memory – mindxholdmemorial – mindxholdijmercenary – gieldsabmanmercy – meys
message – bringd weydmetal – metiummethod – weimicroscope – mikronsiert
middle – midmilitant – sabishmilitary – sabijmilk – milk
mind – mindmine – mies, digingmineral – eythstyfminister – seyver
minor – lilishminority – lestteltminute – minmiss – mis
missing – misingmissile – kastedmix – miksmob – waildmeng
moderate – mid stieringmodern – hatjiernijmoney – gieldmonth – munth
moon – muenmore – mormorning – moonmost – most
mother – mammotion – shiftingmountain – fel / hilagmourn – moun
move – shiftmuch – mucmurder – moodhmusic – mjuezik
must – mustmystery – haidednesmistake – misteik

N

naked – weednanname – neimnation – fouknavy – sijsab
near – hiernecessary – mastedneed – mastnegotiate – spiek tu setel
neither – naidhanerve – neyvneutral – nisaidednever – neiten
new – njuenews – taidingennext – histnice – nais
night – naitno – neinoise – noiznominate – neim
noon – middeinormal – noomijnorth – noothnot – nij
note – maaknothing – nietnow – hennowhere – neistee
nuclear – koorijnumber – teltnurse – neys

O

obey – obejobject – thing / einthingobserve – wococcupy – beset in
ocean – sijagof – (ov)off – ofoffensive – foothstrivij
offer – bidofficer – ofismanofficial – ofisijoften – oft
oil – oilold – oldonce – eintenonly – einlij
open – oupoperate – weykopinion – siejingoppose – widhstand
oppress – shyv anedhopposite – genstsetor – ooorbit – weyldring
orchestra – weykgadhorder – oodorganize – inoodother – ydher
oust – get autout – autover – ouveroverthrow – kast ouver
owe – ouown – silf

P

pain – heytpaint – biltkleypalace – halagpamphlet – buket
pan – panpaper – peipaparachute – genstfalparade – bandwook
pardon – gie meysparent – faadhparliament – loomiet / paaljamentpart – paat
party – paatbandpass – gan baipassenger – infeererpassport – gan-thrue rit
past – footaimpath – weipay – jieldpeace – frith
people – menpercent – a hyndperfect – alwelperhaps – maitaa / baihap
period – belangthpermanent – altaimfastpermit – letperson – man
physics – bindkeenpiano – pianopicture – biltpiece – bit
pilot – flajer / shipwiedpipe – faifpirate – sijsthiefplace – stee
planet – weyldplant – plaantplay – pleiplease – gladen / kaindlij
plenty – fulmucplot – seting-autpoem – baadweykpoint – sted
poison – vetuepolice – frithwaadpolicy – graundmaakpolitics – gildaat
pollute – unrainpoor – poopopular – fouklaikijpopulation – manicg
port – shipstadposition – stedpossess – holdpossible – duekun
postpone – aftputpour – gefloupower – wieldpraise – haleel
pray – preipregnant – med beenprepare – redienpresent – gied
president – foositerpress – printpressure – printinesprevent – widhholt
price – jieldkostpriest – oldor / kohenprison – lokhausprivate – hambaundij
prize – aringprobably – welcaansijproblem – blokertproduce – bring footh
professor – profprogram – setrynprogress – foothganingproject – seting aut
promise – gied weydpropaganda – tuwit strueingproperty – silficgpropose – set footh
protect – bjeygprotest – spiec widhprovide – gie foothproud – praidful
prove – pruefpublic – oupfoukpublication – oupfoukeningpublish – oupfouken
pull – droopump – pymppunish – pienpurchase – cap
pure – rainpurpose – uerwaipush – shyvput – put

Q

question – whutquick – kwikquiet – hysh

R

rabbi – rabirace – ryshryn / ethnosradar – rapdhafradiation – rejicg
radio – reidiouraid – reidrailroad – reilroudrain – rein
raise – droo yprapid – kwikrare – raarate – kwiknes thrue
reach – riecread – bierready – redijreal – riel
realistic – rielistreason – wai / witreasonable – witfulrebel – striv aut
receive – hadhrecent – henijrecession – riteiking-aweirecognize – ken asikt
record – inbukred – redreduce – lesenreform – risheip
refugee – hamflierrefuse – raut anedhregret – soos (um)relations – kinsmen
release – let ganreligion – ruwakinesremain – steiremember – rimind
remove – teik aweirepair – rigudenrepeat – riduereport – teiling footh
repress – shyv ahindrequest – whut feyrescue – geseifresign – stand anedh
resolution – setelingresponsible – rijouthkunrest – teik frithrestrain – hold ahind
restrict – hold inresult – aut-kumretire – step ahindreturn – gan bak
revolt – raut foothrice – raisrich – welthyride – raid
right – rietriot – mokrise – gan ypriver – flouwet
road – roudrob – slogthiefrock – stanrocket – roket
roll – rolroom – ruemroot – shoshrope – kood
rough – ryfround – raundrub – rybrubber – ryba
ruin – rekrule – wieldrun – ryn

Sa – Sn

sabotage – klogicgsacrifice – hailiduedsad – sadsafe – seif
sail – seilsalt – saltsame – seimsatellite – weiter-bai
satisfy – meiknyfsave – seifsay – spiekschool – tuwitxhaus
science – keenscream – shrijksea – sijseason – jiertaim
search – siecseat – sitsecond – seksecret – haidij
security – seifnessee – sieseek – siekseem – siem
seize – teik ahandself – selfsell – selsenate – senatus
send – sendsense – fielsentence – weydthredseparate – paat
series – haindlainserious – wiktfulsermon – spiekserve – seyv
set – setsettle – setelseveral – mucsevere – haadxhand
sex – shagshake – sheikshape – sheipshare – shee
sharp – shaapshe – haisshell – shelshine – shien
ship – shipshock – shokshoe – shueshoot – shuet
short – nedhhed / shotshould – ootshout – yelshow – shou
shrink – litenshut – shytsick – sikside – said
sign – shoumaaksignal – shoumaaksilence – hyshsilver – silva
similar – liksimple – enliksince – aftfromsing – sing
sink – sinksister – saissit – sitsituation – sted
size – baagnesskeleton – bounlicskill – skilskull – bounhed
sky – skaislave – thralsleep – sliepslide – slid
slow – slousmall – litsmash – smashsmell – smel
smile – smailsmoke – smouksmooth – smuedhsnow – snou

So – Sz

so – dhausocial – sithijsoft – softsoldier – sabman
solid – binijsolve – unbind / aluessome – sum / einenson – son
soon – froulijsorry – soorijsort – kindsound – noiz
south – sauthspace – ruem / jonthspeak – spiekspecial – selfweis
speed – kwiknesspend – jield autspill – spilsplit – split
spirit – ruwakspilt – spildsports – beesingspread – strue
spring – liepkoilspy – spijstab – stabstamp – briefmaak
stand – standstar – staastart – tuganstarve – hunggag
state – steitstation – holt stedstatue – standbiltstay – stei
steal – thiefsteam – boilfogsteel – stiel (fejium)step – step
stick – staaf / bondstill – stilstomach – belij sakstone – stan
stop – holtstore – hold instorm – stoomstory – teil
stove – inkukertstraight – streitstrange – odstreet – strat
stretch – strecstrike – straikstrong – strongstruggle – striv
stubborn – mjuelijstudy – locgijstupid – wiekmindsubmarine – undersij bout
substance – styfsubstitute – insted mansubversion – underrautingsucceed – win thrue
such – dhausudden – aryshsuffer – syfasugar – suka
summer – sumersun – sunsupervise – oversiesupply – fulen yp
support – hold ypsuppose – underthinksuppress – hold anedhsure – fast
surplus – jond mastsurprise – underkacsurrender – gie ypsurround – set araund
survive – liv thruesuspect – undersiesuspend – hangswallow – inbelij
swear in – outh insweet – swietswim – swimsympathy – medfieling
system – dielood

T

take – teiktalk – spiektall – uphedtank – tank
target – shuetmaaktask – weykmaaktaste – teisttax – steitsjield
teach – gewitteam – pleibandtear – teetears – wiepdrop
technical – vjelweykijtelephone – dhaaspiekerttelescope – dhaaglastelevision – dhaasiejert
tell – teiltemperature – hotnestemporary – taimetijtense – strekhand
term – taimetterrible – dredtaimijterritory – baundlandterror – dredtaim
test – testtextiles – klothicgthan – dhanthank – thank
that – dhatthe – dhatheater – shoupleihausthen – dhen
there – dheethick – thikthin – thinthing – thing
think – thinkthird – thrieththis – hatthreaten – thret
through – thruethrow – kasttie – baindtime – taim / ten
tired – wierijtissue – klothetto – tutoday – ahatdei
together – agadhtomorrow – ajaftdeitonight – ahatnaittoo – ouvij
tool – tueltop – upstedtorture – saadheyttouch – tyc
toward – tuweistown – stadtrade – capseltradition – settaabot
tragic – tracgiktrain – droolain / feelaintraitor – feyratertransport – beering akros
trap – kacerttravel – feeringtreason – rikbrectreasure – madhom
treat – dieltreaty – dielduedtree – trietrial – shildtest
tribe – foukettrick – skilpleitrip – feeringettroops – sabmen
trouble – koiltruce – frithouth / frithettruck – kaatagtrue – true / trou
trust – trysttry – traiturn – raut

U

under – underunderstand – bewitunite – einenuniverse – alskaap
university – albandlicunless – onnijuntil – yptuup – yp
urge – thjueurgent – thjuefuluse – brukusual – noomij

V

valley – deilvalue – weythvehicle – feethingversion – rauting-aut
veto – mie-genstbietvicious – sinsetvictim – strivdwidhvictory – win
village – stadetviolate – brecviolence – mait kastingviolin – violin
virus – virusvisit – besiekvoice – spiecvolcano – fairhil
vote – cuezvoyage – feering

W

wait – weitwages – weykt gieldwalk – wookwall – wal
want – wontwar – woowarm – hotetwarn – gewee
wash – woshwaste – weistwatch – wocwater – wet
wave – weivway – weiweak – wiekwealth – welth
weapon – faitthingwear – weeweather – wedhaweigh – hevmiet
welcome – welkumwell – welwest – westwet – wet
what – whatwheat – whietwheel – wielwhen – when
where – wheewhich – whicwhile – inwhenwhite – whit
who – whuewhy – whaiwide – broodwife – jiftais
wild – waildwill – wilwilling – jeynwin – win
wind – windwindow – windouwire – wairwise – wiz
wish – wishwith – medwithdraw – widhdroowithout – nid
woman – maiswonder – wyndawood – wudwoods – wudfield
word – weydwork – weykworld – weyldworry – keen
worse – badorwound – wuendwrite – biekwrong – rong
wreck(age) – weisticg

Y

year – jieryellow – jelouyes – jeiyesterday – afoodei
yet – jetyou – thie / jueyoung – jyng